menu_book来源Harwood RH, Foss AJ, Osborn F, Gregson RM, Zaman A, Masud T (2005). Falls and health status in elderly women following first eye cataract surgery: a randomised controlled trial. British Journal of Ophthalmology, 89(1), 53-59. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjo.2004.049478 ; Foss AJ, Harwood RH, Osborn F, Gregson RM, Zaman A, Masud T (2006). Falls and health status in elderly women following second eye cataract surgery: a randomised controlled trial. Age and Ageing, 35(1), 66-71. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afj005 ; Gillespie LD, Robertson MC, Gillespie WJ, et al. (2012). Interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 9, CD007146. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD007146.pub3 ; Tseng VL, Yu F, Lum F, Coleman AL (2012). Risk of fractures following cataract surgery in Medicare beneficiaries. JAMA, 308(5), 493-501. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2012.9014 ; Desapriya E, Subzwari S, Scime-Beltrano G, et al. (2010). Vision improvement and reduction in falls after expedited cataract surgery: systematic review and metaanalysis. Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery, 36(1), 13-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrs.2009.07.032 ; Meuleners LB, Lee AH, Ng JQ, Morlet N, Fraser ML (2012). First eye cataract surgery and hospitalization from injuries due to a fall: a population-based study. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 60(9), 1730-1733. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2012.04098.x ; Meuleners LB, Fraser ML, Ng J, Morlet N (2014). The impact of first- and second-eye cataract surgery on injurious falls that require hospitalisation: a whole-population study. Age and Ageing, 43(3), 341-346. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/aft177 ; Keay L, Ho KC, Rogers K, et al. (2022). The incidence of falls after first and second eye cataract surgery: a longitudinal cohort study. Medical Journal of Australia, 217(2), 94-99. https://doi.org/10.5694/mja2.51611 ; 国家卫生健康委 (2022). 「十四五」全国眼健康规划(2021-2025年). https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/2022-01/17/content_5668951.htm
sticky_note_2备注争议:两项随机试验合起来算,摔过跤的人数没有明显减少(OR 0.81,95% CI 0.55 到 1.17)。澳大利亚西部的全人群住院记录里,做完第一只眼后的一年,因跌倒受伤住院的反而多了 27%。两次手术之间那段,这类住院是术前的 2.14 倍。这类前后对比分不开手术的影响和人变老的影响。另一项澳大利亚的跟踪研究里,做完第二只眼以后,跌倒次数降得最多。所以两只眼都有白内障的,第二只别拖太久。两次手术之间那段,走路和上下楼要格外小心。Cochrane 还收了一项帮老人处理视力问题的试验,跌倒次数反而多了约五成七。手术管的是看不看得清,少摔跤还要靠第 1 节第 13 条(平衡和腿部力量)。骨头经不经得起摔,见第 1 节第 39 条(骨密度检查)和第 1 节第 40 条(查出骨质疏松就用药)。国家眼健康规划写明,白内障复明手术已在县域普遍开展,不一定要去大城市的医院。受益人主要是你的父母和祖父母。